Introduction to Psychological Testing

Introduction to psychological sieveing Psy 475 October 22, 2012 Introduction to mental Testing The history of personality and apprehension leavening, dates to the beginning World War II. In psychology, clinicians mathematical function psychological sees as a joyride to help aid in laying important nurture in regard to the behaviors of an individual or a group. There is a major difference between regular interrogatory and analyzeing utilise for psychological purposes. There be divers(a) tests that can be administered to crack specific abilities or identify the characteristics of an individual.This newspaper will define the marge test, describe the major categories of tests, and identify the major employments and exploiters of these tests. Also this paper will also discuss the comparison and contrast the concepts of reli cleverness and hardness and explain how they affect psychological interrogation. Test According to Hogan, a test is a interchangeable process u tilize to yield randomness most(predicate) specific behaviors or cognitive process through standardized procedures. Psychological tests ar a battery of tests that evaluate and whole step functions of emotions and behaviors in kind-hearted beings.The test batteries are composed of interviews, and assessments that centering on specific areas such(prenominal) as learning, store, attention, and academic capabilities. Tests can be conducted in dissimilar ship canal such as verbal, visual, oral, and written assessments or evaluation. Information ga on that pointd from standardized tests are useful and effective because they categorize specific behaviors with scores and abide results, which are reliable and valid. Psychological interrogatory can be performed by licensed professionals such as clinical psychologists, counseling, and school psychologist.Major categories of tests, Uses and Users Psychological tests provide a platform for providing information and insight, which hel ps to gain a better agreement of human behaviors. There different types of tests are utilize to measure various contexts of specific areas of behavior. According to Chadha, Psychological tests are grouped into several categories, which allow personality, mental ability, attitude, achievement, and neuropsychological tests. These test can be administered to an individual only if or to a group of people.According to Hogan intelligence test focuses on various functions of the individual who measures potential and basic ability, such as memory, cognitive functions, intellection skill, and visualization. Two of the most popular intelligence test are the Stanford-Binet and the Wechsler intelligence operation Tests. Achievement and aptitude tests are commonly utilise in educational or employment settings. Educators and employers use these tests to identify how much an individual knows ab aside a certain topic, such as academic subject or employment position.Educators use achievement tests to identify and compare abilities of students, while employers use these tests to identify talents, interests, and special skills (2008). According to Hogan, personality tests are commonly used in research and forensic settings to assist with providing a clinical diagnosis by measuring personality styles. Personality test is set up in two, formats. The first consists of yes or no questions and the second questions are reliable or false.According to Hogan, interests and attitudes are mainly used for high school and college students to identify interests related to job fields. The most common test used to measure and identify vocational interests is the Strong Interest Inventory (SII) or the Kuder charge Search (Hogan, 2007). The last category of testing is the neuropsychological tests. These types of test focus cognitive abilities as related to brain functions such as thinking, reasoning, memory and motor coordination.According to Hogan, uses and users of psychological tests let in clinical, educational, personnel, and research settings. Clinical settings such as counseling and psychology use testing to identify the nature or severity of a specific problem or a behavior. The testing results are used to develop treatment plans used to carry out interventions for therapeutic application. According to Hogan, educators use assessment as a tool for assessing levels of student learning and abilities in efforts to help the student improve.Another major user of psychological testing are businesses. Personnel and employment testing check to Hogan, was developed to identify and select the best candidates for employment positions. Employers also use testing to conduct performance and promotion evaluations. The last use of testing involves research. According to Hogan researchers use testing as a viable cave in of research studies because they are replicable and provide reliable information that useful and valid.Compare and bank line Reliability and Validity Te st reliability and inclemency are actually important concept of testing. These tools used to measure the data that has been collected for the test to determine if the results are sustainable and effective. According to Hogan reliability is meant to be legitimate and dependable. A reliable test provides the same scores continuously for an individual. Test reliability relies on specific criteria to determine the quality and accuracy of psychological measurements (Chadha, 2009).To determine reliability there are five methods that can be used to estimate test scores. These methods identify the proportion of the score, which may include error variances. Although these methods are used to determine reliability and identify errors there various factors, which can affect the results of the reliability of a test. Test daring is an important aspect of test evaluations. The validity of the tests focuses on specific criteria used to ensure that testing concept meets requirements and profess ional standards of scientific research methods.There are two common methods used to test validity, the first is criterion validity and content validity. According to Chadha, content validity focuses on the selection of items for ability and achievement test judgments are used to identify the usefulness or application of the test. Criterion validity according to Chadha, focuses on the ability of test score used to observe behaviors or other information poised from the test. Reliability and validity test the same aspects of a test unless in a different manner.Reliability is more focused on the perceptual constancy of a test score and validity evaluates this information based on specific criteria (Chadha, 2009). Conclusion In conclusion psychological testing is used to provide, identify, and measure characteristics, abilities and the behaviors of an individual or a group. There various types of testing be used in several contexts, which provide valuable information to the test exami ne. Several fields or professions rely on testing to provide information that can be used for purposes of assessments, treatment, learning, and identifying needs. Reliability and alidity methods are used to ensure that the information received from testing is effective and the right way used for the purpose intended. References Chadha, N. K. (2009). Introduction to psychological testing. In Applied psychometry. (pp. 71-87). cutting Delhi SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd. doi 10. 4135/9788132108221. n5 Hogan, T. P. (2007). Psychological testing A practical groundwork (2nd ed. ). Hoboken, NJ Wiley. psychological test. (2008). In The Columbia Encyclopedia. Retrieved from http//www. credoreference. com. ezproxy. apollolibrary. com/entry/columency/psychological_test