Innocence Lost by Nathaniel Hawthorne Essay -- Nathaniel Hawthorne Inn

Innocence Lost by Nathaniel Hawthorne My Kinsman, Major Molineux and Young Goodman Brown point Nathaniel Hawthornes belief in the universality of sin. These works provide numerous perspectives into the nature of the kind-hearted condition and the individuals role within it. Hawthorne fictionalizes a world where communion with man is essential for spiritual satisfaction. The main characters of these stories face moral dilemmas through their pursuit of human communion. Whether the problems are moral, psychological, or both, Hawthorne insists that the individual moldiness come to affirm a tie with the procession of life, must come to achieve some sense of brotherhood of man. In order to commune with mankind, unrivaled has to give up a secure, ordered and innocent world. The individual becomes liable to a fearsome array of complex emotions. One feels alienated by a community that forces himself to decadency while his isolation creates an ambiguity. The newly initiated into the r ites of man appears no more moral than those who he disdains. Hawthorne presents a world where communion with mankind leads to corruption while isolation from humans is an unpardonable sin. Nathaniel Hawthorne presents an interesting predicament in mans search for communion with his fellow man. Coming of age in Hawthornes time requires an certification of sin, communion with sinners and celebration of life through sin. Hawthorne creates this environment by grounding the consequences on earth. To feel the universal throb of brotherhood, one must recognize sin, figure in and celebrate it. Hawthorne affirms, recognizes and revels in the depravity of the human condition. The first fatal step of understanding human nature is a self-conscious probing that ends in confusion. The story of My Kinsmen, Major Molineux presents the youthful character of Robin on his way from the country to the town of Boston. He wishes to succeed within the community, and figures that it will not be diff icult because of his connection through Major Molineux, a prominent figure of the community. Hawthorne erodes innocence slowly through the harsh experience of urban realities. Robins initial contact with the residents of this community jostles his confidence. He does not yet understand the harshness of adults and happily continues on his way. But Hawthorne underscores the cost of his yearning. Robin has t... ... later. Camus insists Sisyphus is happy or there is no joy or redemption for life on earth. The profundity of Hawthorne is apparent in his notions of the human condition. Nathaniel Hawthorne concludes his discovery of sin in the human condition at the point of universal appeal. The key for Hawthornes understanding of the human condition is the recognition of the universality of sin. So take this work for its imperfections, kind of of tormenting these ideas with the harsh meter stick of faithless standards. Nathaniel Hawthorne believes that understanding man is understanding its moral condition of imperfection. Works CitedHawthorne, Nathaniel. Ethan Brand. Nathaniel Hawthornes Tales. Ed. James McIntosh. Norton Critical Edition. impudent York Norton, 1987. 231-244.Hawthorne, Nathaniel. My Kinsman, Major Molineux. Norton Anthology of American Literature. New York W.W. Norton & Company, 1994. 1173-1186.Hawthorne, Nathaniel. Young Goodman Brown. Norton Anthology of American Literature. New York W.W. Norton & Company, 1994. 1198-1207.Stubbs, John C. The Pursuit of Form a study of Hawthorne and the romance. Chicago University of Illinois Press, 1970.

Essay example --

Compare and contrast the assumptions of behaviorism and psychoanalysis. Explain why these approaches made the assumptions they did, and critically evaluate each approach.Behaviorism and psychoanalysis are dickens influential theories of psychology that are pole apart. The most basic difference between these two theories is in the way they define a behavior. While behaviorists believe that that almost every human emotion is conditioned by habit and sens be learned or unlearned, psychoanalysts believe that everything humans do is completely controlled by the unconscious mind at some level.Psychoanalysis is based on the theories proposed by Sigmund Freud. Freud proposed the idea that mental functions are on both conscious as well as unconscious levels. He believed that childhood even offts have a healthy psychological influence throughout a persons life. With psychoanalysis, Freud tried to interpret the causes of patients problems by gaining an insight or revealing the unconscio us processes to the conscious awareness. gibe to Freud, the mind can be divided into three different levels the conscious, the preconscious and the unconscious. The conscious includes everything that we are aware of. Preconscious includes our memory, feelings and thoughts, which is not always part of consciousness but can be retrieved easily at any time and brought into our awareness. Finally, the unconscious contains all the feelings, thoughts, urges, and memories that are outside of our conscious awareness. The contents of the unconscious mind, Freud believed, are mostly unpleasant. He believed that the unconscious is mostly important because it continues to influence our behavior and experience, even though we are not always aware of these underly... ...minated.In his book, Psychological Care of the Infants and Child, he crititicized child rearing practices prevalent in those times. He advocated a regulatory rather than permissive system of child rearing. In this way, we can see that even Watson believed that childhood experiences were important in building the personality of an individual. He stressed the importance of encouraging children to be productive from an early age. However, while Freud suggested an entirely sex- dictated instinct in children and infants, Watson originally accepted idea of instincts, but later said they were merely due to conditioningHe insisted that psychology restrict itself to verifiable study of behavior. While Freuds psychoanalysis used hypnosis, free association and talk therapy to understand the causes of behavior and disorders in patients, Watson claimed that observation is .

Frederick Douglass, an American Slave Essay -- Autobiography, Douglas

The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, was the first of the three autobiographies that Frederick Douglass wrote himself. Its a story about slavery and the meaning of license of the antebellum America. According to The Free Dictionary, Slavery is defined as the state or condition of being a slave a civil blood whereby one person has absolute power over a nonher and controls his lifetime, liberty, and fortune (freedictionary.com). Frederick Douglasss book is about a bondage he obtained since birth a slave for life. He was separated from his mother, Harriet Bailey, at birth and knew his father was white male. He lived on the Great House Farm plantation for his younger long time this is where he saw his first violent act towards a slave. Douglass went through legion(predicate) ups and downs. At the age of seven, he was moved to another house where he first learned reading and writing. However, He was beaten brutally so he can be broken into a good discipl ined slave. Douglass describes legion(predicate) elements in his narrative Douglass explains how slaveholders were able to sustain themselves with their actions. Frederick describes the ways the slaves stayed where they were and did not attempt to escape. He also addresses a number of myths created by slaves and slaveholders that he wishes to prove wrong. In the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Frederick Douglass describes the ways a slaveholder sustain their actions, ways a slave was kept from escaping and proves the myths of slaves and slaveholders wrong.Slaveholders had a number of ways to relinquish themselves for their actions according to Douglass. One way they justify themselves for their actions was that slaves were lower than animals.... ... anguish (19). In all, south was far what the images of fancy and big, yet depressing and unrealistic.All in all, Frederick Douglasss book, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave , was a story of slavery and freedom. He was fortunate that he was able to experience a better slave life than others. He was able to obtain knowledge about reading that he was not obtaining to be a slave for all his life. He, unlike other slaves, knew he was not supposed to be a slave for the rest of his life. He described the ways by which slaveholders justify themselves for their actions. He was one of the rare ones who did not lose their way to freedom he discussed the many ways that slaves were kept from thinking about escaping and freedom. Once he was free, he wrote this Narrative and refutes many myths that many have said about slaves and slaveholders.

Usage of Characterization In Ryonosuke Akutagawa’s Rashomon Essay

Usage of Characterization In Ryonosuke Akutagawas RashomonDespite coming from a different ambit than most other authorsthat have so far been studied, Ryonosuke Akutagawa mollify wrote storiesthat included similar ideas like internal and external conflict,sacrifice of oneself for a higher cause, murder, homophile flaws and manyothers. In addition to that, Akutagawa also used common literaryelements like motifs, symbols, point of view and irony. However, oneelement that is prevalent in nigh all of his works ischaracterization. In devil of his short stories, Rashomon and The Martyr,characterization is used to develop their respective themes inRashomon, characterization is equally important in build up thetheme as in The Martyr.In Rashomon, characterization is used to show the theme that thedesperate situations that a person faces can result in the resortingto means that compromise morals, and can even lead to hypocrisy.Akutagawa does this through narration and behavior of the char acter.At the beginning of the story, the protagonist is faced with thedilemma of either be honest and dying of starvation, or to be athief and steal from the corpses that were scattered around. Howevereven after much consideration, he was still unavailing to muster enoughcourage to justify the conclusion that he must become a thief(Akutagawa 34). Through this, it is evident at this point, theprotagonist was still somewhat reluctant to compromise his morals evenfor survival, and if possible, he would definitely consider othermeans. With time though, the protagonist does eventually decide tocompromise his morals, and he did not even have to wonder whether heshould starve to death or become a thief. ... ...gh they may have shown approval initially.In the two different stories, characterization is used to chuck out thethemes, and in both cases, they argon equally important. However, thereare similarities and differences as to how characterization is used.One similarity that they pi ece is the fact that in both stories,characterization is mainly shown through narration. Indeed in bothcases character traits can be extracted through speech, but they aremore apparent in the narration. On the other hand, one difference isthat in Rashomon, there was only a single person that was beingcharacterized to prove the theme, and this character was less of aone-dimensional figure than the characters in The Martyr, whereas inthat story, a whole community was being characterized through theiractions, as well as through the introspection of one member of thecommunity.

How to Treat Prion Diseases Essay -- Medical Disease

How to Treat Prion DiseasesAbstractScientists are stumped as to the emergence and nature of proteinaceous infectious particles. Neither virus nor bacteria, these prions, are believed to become transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE), rare diseases said to be 100% fatal, without possessing nucleic acids. Their unhindered growth is thought to be the cause for bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), or Mad cow Disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob (CJD), scrapie and other TSE, diseases characterized by the brain microscopically turning into sponge-like matter. There are no cures or effective treatments available today because drawbacks constantly prevent the development of efficient therapy. Studies continue to slowly progress, hoping to find methods to immunize against more prion diseases.ProblemNo one presently has a solid understanding as to wherefore TSE, or prion diseases, occur. The simple explanation is that PrP(c), the normal isoform of the prion protein, is forced to fold into PrPSc, the other pathological isoform, causing the misfolded PrP(c) to acquire protease-resistance. As to a physical presentation, a clumped protein consisting in the first place of alpha-helices (spirals) is converted into one consisting primarily of beta-sheets (sets of pleated hairpins). In an essence, alpha-helical content decreases while beta-sheet content increases. The newly converted protein then possesses the same characteristics as those of the native PrPSc (Korth, Streit, & Oesch, 1999).PrPSc acquires partial protease resistance upon the transformation and passes this resistance along to the naturally protease-sensitive PrP(c). Protease is an enzyme that breaks down proteins or peptides, deeming the protease-sensitive proteins soluble so during ... ...r to the fatal TSE.8b10ReferencesBainbridge, J., Jones, N., & Walker, B. (2004, May 12). Multiple antigenic peptides facilitate generation of anti-prion antibodies. Retrieved July 26, 2008, from http//www.pubmedcentral.ni h.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1809119Graham, S. (2002, July 30). Common Antibiotic Saps Prions Strength. Retrieved July 24, 2008, from http//www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=common-antibiotic-saps-prKorth, C., Streit, P., & Oesch, B. (1999). Monoclonal Antibodies Specific for the Native, Disease-Associated Isoform of the Prion Protein. Methods in ENZYMOLOGY , 309, 106-122 .Soto, C. (2006). Prions The New Biology of Proteins. Taylor & Francis Group CRC Press.Wong, K. (2001, August 14). Old Drugs Show New call off in Combating Prion Diseases. Retrieved July 24, 2008, from http//www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=old-drugs-show-new-promis

How to Treat Prion Diseases Essay -- Medical Disease

How to Treat Prion DiseasesAbstractScientists are stumped as to the development and nature of proteinaceous septic particles. Neither virus nor bacteria, these prions, are believed to cause transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE), rare diseases said to be 100% disastrous, without possessing nucleic acids. Their unhindered growth is thought to be the cause for bovid spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), or Mad Cow Disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob (CJD), scrapie and other TSE, diseases characterized by the brain microscopically turning into sponge-like matter. There are no cures or effective treatments available today because drawbacks constantly prevent the development of efficient therapy. Studies continue to slowly progress, hoping to find methods to immunize against more prion diseases.ProblemNo one presently has a solid understanding as to why TSE, or prion diseases, occur. The simple explanation is that PrP(c), the normal isoform of the prion protein, is forced to fold into PrPSc , the other pathological isoform, causing the misfolded PrP(c) to acquire protease-resistance. As to a physical presentation, a clumped protein consisting primarily of alpha-helices (spirals) is converted into one consisting primarily of beta-sheets (sets of pleated hairpins). In an essence, alpha-helical content decreases while beta-sheet content increases. The newly converted protein then possesses the selfsame(prenominal) characteristics as those of the native PrPSc (Korth, Streit, & Oesch, 1999).PrPSc acquires partial protease resistance upon the transformation and passes this resistance along to the naturally protease-sensitive PrP(c). Protease is an enzyme that breaks down proteins or peptides, deeming the protease-sensitive proteins soluble so during ... ...r to the fatal TSE.8b10ReferencesBainbridge, J., Jones, N., & Walker, B. (2004, May 12). Multiple antigenic peptides facilitate generation of anti-prion antibodies. Retrieved July 26, 2008, from http//www.pubmedcentral.n ih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1809119Graham, S. (2002, July 30). Common Antibiotic Saps Prions Strength. Retrieved July 24, 2008, from http//www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=common-antibiotic-saps-prKorth, C., Streit, P., & Oesch, B. (1999). Monoclonal Antibodies Specific for the Native, Disease-Associated Isoform of the Prion Protein. Methods in ENZYMOLOGY , 309, 106-122 .Soto, C. (2006). Prions The New Biology of Proteins. Taylor & Francis Group CRC Press.Wong, K. (2001, prideful 14). Old Drugs Show New Promise in Combating Prion Diseases. Retrieved July 24, 2008, from http//www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=old-drugs-show-new-promis

Anatomy Case paper Essay

You atomic number 18 a first-year RN student and you volunteered to work for San Antonio Hospital in the ER Department. Patient arse vitality was brought by the ambulance after he collapsed at work. The triage nurse is assessing him for further evaluation by the ER Physician on duty. Based on your contract of Anatomy and using your critical thinking skills, you were given the following criteria about Mr. Doe 1. Personal History 65 years old, married with two children. 2. medical exam History Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Renal Stones, Anemia, Acne, Prostatic Hyperplasia, Muscular Dystrophy, Hemiplegia, Coronary Artery Disease, G.E.R.D. and ED. The Triage Nurse asked the patient to wait for his turn, until Dr. Johnson examines him.A. DefinitionsDiabetes Mellitus a disorder in which the pancreas no longer produces ample insulin, or cells in the body stop responding to the insulin being produced. This causes high levels of glucose in the rent and cannot be absorbed into the ce lls in the body. Hypertension is abnormally high seam pressure, blood pressure is a type of measurement to be satisfactory to tell what the force is against the groynes of the arteries as the heart pumps blood through the body.Renal Stones a Kidney stone is a solid mass which is made up from crystals that separates from the urine and builds up on the inner surfaces of the kidney. Anemia is a mark off where the body has a deficiency of healthy hemoglobin (red blood cells) to carry adequate oxygen to the tissues in the body. Acne is an inflammatory skin disease that occurs when the hair follicles go bads inflamed or give due to clogging of sebaceous secretors. Prostatic Hyperplasia benign enlargement of the prostate gland. Muscular Dystrophy is a group of inherited disorders that involve go through failing and muscle loss gradually decline over a period of time. Hemiplegia is paralysis of one side of the body.Coronary Artery Disease condition due to a blockage or narrowing of small blood vessels that supply the blood and oxygen to the heart. Gastroesophagel Reflux Disease (G.E.R.D.) condition due to when the muscle at the end of the esophagus doesnt close causing the belly contents (food or gastric acid) that leaks backwards from the stomach into the esophagus. Erectile Dysfunction (E.D.) a sexual dysfunction which is the in big businessman to achieve, or maintain an erection of the penis long enough to engage in satisfactory sexual intercourse.Blood calcium level Normal values range from 8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL. note gm/dL = grams per deciliterHemoglobinMale 13.8 to 17.2 gm/dLFemale 12.1 to 15.1gm/dLC. Based on your knowledge of the normal values and Mr. Does condition, explain the homeostatic disturbance of each problem that Mr. Doe suffers from. Diabetes Mellitus Hemostasis in correlation with diabetes is the hemostatic system which is responsible for checking, maintain, and balancing the proper rise and fall of glucose levels in the blood. In Mr. Does bod y since he had diabetes, his pancreas produces overly not enough or no insulin. People with type II diabetes is normally developed later in life and becomes resistant to the effects of insulin overall, just now can be reversed and controlled. Hypertension Homeostatic disturbances that could be responsible for Mr. Does HTN could be a result from some of the medication he is taking.Another factor is his weight, diet, and lack of physical exercise. In a normal system the force of blood against the artery walls doesnt have a ostracise effect. Therefore, would not cause physical him to have any serious health conditions. However, when a person corresponding Mr. Doe suffers from HTN, the force of the blood against the artery wall thus resulting in heart disease. Renal Stones In a normal system the calcium levels in the blood be at a impregnable level, and helps with contracting muscles, releasing hormones making sure that nerves and the brain are functioning properly. In like Mr. Doe who has too high calcium levels in his blood can cause renal stones can begin to develop.Renal stones block the ability of homeostasis to occur. When these calcium deposits get lodged and block urine from being able to exit in order empty out the bladder, thus the body isnt able to function properly. Anemia Healthy hemoglobin (red blood cells) are extremely important in a persons system, because they are rich carriers of oxygen to the tissues in the body. When a person like Mr. Doe loses this ability many negative symptoms can occur in the body. The cause of Mr. Does anemia whitethorn be a result from any Non-Steroidal anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) he may be on for any number of the other complications he is suffering from.He may withal have a vitamin deficiency which would be a factor in low iron levels. Without proper homeostasis it would be palmy to understand why a patient like Mr. Doe is experiencing this condition. Acne In a normal system the hair follicles on differen t surfaces of the body function properly and do not become clogged. When a person has hair follicles becomes plugged with oil from the sebaceous glands mixed with dead skin cells will result in acne. Homeostasis correlates to the removal of toxins from the body, and causes a disturbance which results firing off and infections in the skin. Prostatic Hyperplasia As men age they are more prone to experience enlargement of their prostate glands.Mr. Doe is experiencing this condition which is more parking area for men his age, due to the homeostatic disturbance in his hormones and cellular growth. Muscular Dystrophy Muscle fibers in a normally functioning system are extremely touch and resistant to damage and injury. In a person who is suffering from muscular dystrophy these fibers become weaker gradually over time and become more susceptible to damage. This is caused to defective genes that are involved in making proteins that protect the muscle fibers. Disturbance in homeostasis coul d factor that is responsible for some of these genetical mutations.Hemiplegia Most people have normal functions with movement on both sides of their body. When someone like Mr. Doe suffers from one side of their body having the same paralysis and limitations of movement. This is most often the leading culprit that is heard about hemiplegia. The homeostatic disturbance in Mr. Does system related to HTN which could also be what is causing his movement disorder. Having a stroke could also be responsible for this condition and may have gone un-detected and untreated because Mr. Doe may not have realized he was having a stroke.Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) The coronary arteries (which are the major blood vessels that supply the heart with oxygen, blood and nutrients) can become damaged if a high amount of cholesterol is continuously deposited over time. Homeostatic disturbances such as HTN and diabetes are indicators of why Mr. Doe is experiencing this disease. This is turn can cause h im to suffer from a heart attack. G.E.R.D. In a normal functioning system after a person eat a meal the food goes to the stomach to begin the digestion process.The homeostatic disturbance that causes a patient like Mr. Doe to experience a reflux of stomach acid relaxation of muscles in the lower esophageal sphincter and its failure to close and prevent the back flow of food or liquid from travel upwards. E.D. As most men age and are in Mr. Does age begin to start experiencing issues, or complications with their prostate and the ability to consummate sexually. A patient that is younger is able to maintain an erection for a longer period of time and perform a satisfactory sexual intercourse. Not have to worry or be concerned with experiencing this complication. Due to the fact Mr. Doe has an enlarged prostate gland and diabetes could be a leading indicator resulting in some of the homeostatic disturbances that is resulting in him having erectile dysfunction.D. Upon histological exa mination of mammal pancreas under the microscope, describe the different features of this Specimen. Figure 1 Anatomy of the pancreasUpon histological examination of a normal human pancreas the Aplha cells which produce glucagon, and Beta cells which produce insulin can easily be identified under the microscope. The bulk of the pancreas is an exocrine gland secreting pancreatic fluid into the duodenum after a meal. However, scattered through the pancreas are several hundred thousand clusters of cells called islets of Langerhans. Upon histological exam of a human pancreas with diabetes it is easy to identify the difference in the cells from a healthy pancreas. The reason is due to the fact the Beta cells are either attacked, or rejected the insulin which is causing the insulin business to be affected. The alpha cells are responsible for elevating the glucose levels in the blood which are also being affected due to the diabetes. The following describes the process of insulin in the pa ncreas The islets are endocrine tissue containing four types of cells. In order of abundance, they are the beta cells, which secrete insulin and amylin

Foundation Degree in Accounting and Finance Essay

IntroductionThere is a radical change later on the privatisation of Atlantic Water. The change not only affects the government activitys objectives and strategical planning, solely also its structure and gardening.B Burnes (1996 115) cited writers such as Handy (1986), Allaire and Firsirotu (1984) argued the issue as come aboutto operate effectively and efficiently, an brass sections culture need to match or be appropriate to its structure. Given that an b hoarnesss milieu can change rapidly, as can its structure, situations will arise in the environment, structure and practices of the governance.Observing transcriptional demeanor is not enough, we need to understand the meaning of the behaviour, and therefore, it is substantial to identify the culture and structure of an administration, to enable steering to react quickly for any external or internal change.1. Defining CultureIt is difficult to coif culture, usu exclusivelyy it is defined as how things are done around here or this is how we are. Culture within an organisation is influence by the reputation of an individual, pattern of converse, work performance, behaviour of management and subordinate as a role.Schein (1983) defines organisational culture as the pattern of basic assumptions that a glide byn group has invented, discovered or developed in learning to cope with its problems of external obligeion and internal integration and that sire work well enough to be considered valid, and, therefore , to be taught to new member as the correct way to perceive, call and feel in relation to those problems.Schein views culture as not being over behaviour or values, but the assumptions that underlie them. Here are the views ground on three take of culture* Level 1 The visible artefacts and creations, which are unaffixed to observe, but do not explain why a group behaves the way it does.* Level 2 The values which can be inferred from interview, but which licence the espoused reason for be haviour, not the underlying unconscious reason.* Level 3 The underlying assumptions which are typically unconscious, but which actually determine hoe people perceive, think and feel.The meaning of Organisational Culture was also defined in Oxford Dictionary of Business (2003) as followOrganizational Culture The values, customs, rituals, and norms shared by all the members of an organization, which have to be learnt and accepted by new members of the organization.Culture impacts most aspect of organisational life, such as how decision are made, who makes them, how rewards are distributed, who is promoted, how people are treated, how the organisation responds to its environment etc. This particular set of values, beliefs, customs and systems are unique to the organisation.1.1 Organisation cultureR Harrison suggested that there are four main types of organisation culture. They are the followingPower Culture is where the authority and control within the organisation are centralised. Th e control is passing from the central to key individuals. The power of members is based on control over resources and personal influence with the centre.Role Culture is where work within and amidst departments is controlled by procedures, role descriptions and authority definitions. Job side of meat is central to this, not necessarily the job holder as a person. People are appointed to a role based on their efficiency to carry out the functions and to satisfy performance of the role. R Harrison (1972 119-128) cited Role Culture as followRole culture often referred to as a bureaucracy, it plant by logic and rationality.Task Culture is job or project oriented and the main purpose is to complete the task or project. This might hire getting the right people to work as a team, giving them decision making power to complete the task.Person Culture is when the individual is revolve around on. This includes their personality and personal flavour etc. For example if a group of people d ecided to do their own thing and other members of staff suspensor, this is a person culture. It only existed for the people concerned.Many organisations have a mixture of the above culture, it is important to understand the concept of each of the above culture and to settle an appropriate structure.1.2 Culture of the old Water AuthorityThe old Water Authority had a complex grading framework, narrow spans of control and more level of authority, this resulted in a high hierarchical structure, and this indicated that the organisation had a strong power culture. It was mentioned in the case study that the old Water Authority called their managers officers and administered the organisation and ran almost along a military gunstock, where the authority and control were centralised.The employees were job oriented where they can only carry out the job they were originally employed for, there was no need to re-organise their position, where they just followed the day to day procedures. Ma nagement saw their jobs as minimising external interference rather then seeking for about change to improve the performance of the employees.Employees in the old Water Authority had a certain level of job security where they could work extra hours where needed, which would give them an extra income. Due to the high hierarchical structure of the organisation, there would be a difficulty for employees career progression, this affected those who are seeking for career advance and lower their motivation and morale within the organisation. Management did not offer new training skills nor did subordinates look for self improvement.From these evidents the old Water Authority had a mixture of the all the culture which R Harrison suggested.1.3 Culture of new Atlantic Water PlcIn the new Atlantic Water Plc, they re-structured their grading framework, the spans of control decreased the level of hierarchical structure and the result of this, employees had more opportunities to progress withi n the organisation. The organisation also decided to empower their managers to take more responsibility, the decentralization enabled decisions to be made closer to the operation level of work.In the result of job cuts after privatisation, Atlantic Water offers their employees a chance to gain qualifications and ensured they are cross-skilled. not only the employees offered to gain new skill, managers are also sent on a training course, where they will have a clearer focus on the organisations objective and to create a new relationship within the organisation.Since Atlantic Water had a large number of jobs cuts, employees suffered from the job insecurity after the privatisation. Although the organisation support them to gain new skills, the main reason will probably be for them to keep their job rather than looking for self improvement. On the other hand, the organisation introduced a new salary structure leaving many employees worse off financially. Since the employees are not gai ning any benefits financially and harm from job insecurity, this impacts the employees morale and their commitment to the organisation.1.4 Comparison of the old Water Authority and Atlantic WaterThe old culture of Water Authority was inappropriate to their agonistical needs. Atlantic Water changed the culture by shaping the value, beliefs and attitudes of their employees.They started by changing the recruitment, selection and redundancy policies. Managers were recruited from private sector, this effected the composition of the workforce so that procession and employment prospects are dependent on those concerned possessing or displaying the beliefs and value the organisation wishes to promote.The introduction of the flatter hierarchical structure and decentralisation is an advantage of a private company. The managers can work closely with the working operational level and it will undertake the time it takes to make decision. This also demands a greater engagement of the staff a nd creates opportunities for employees developing their career.The encouragement of staff training is vitally important to the change of an organisation, this will not only benefit the organisations productivity, but will also improve the level of employees morality and to make them understand their value to the organisation.2. Defining grammatical constructionP Drucker (1974 52) defined structure as followStructure is a means for attaining the objectives and goals of an organization.An organisation existent is to achieve its goal and objectives, the work within an organisation has to be divided among its members. It provides the framework of an organisation and makes all process and application possible. The effectiveness and efficiency of the organisation will be influenced by the structural design and the behaviour of the people who work within the structure.2.1 Organisational StructureAn organisations structure is designed to ensure that rules and procedures are used and follow ed, it contains four frameworks of relationships within an organisation the individuals job description, job specialisation, its lines of communication and its hierarchy.Organisational structure can be layered into three hierarchical structures the technical level, the managerial level and the community level. It is important to have clear objectives within the organisation, frank communications twain horizontally and vertically can enable an organisation to perform effectively and efficiently. The correct grouping of individuals and work is also important to husband a high level of performance.2.2 The old Water Authoritys structureThe old Water Authority was a public do organisation, its main objective was to provide a service to local communities. Job description was clarified to individuals and the working pattern was not flexible. The division of work was based on the employees skills, i.e. operation of clean water side and the dirty water side.It had a narrow span of contro l and more level of authority, this result in a tall hierarchical structure and there are a few problems with this structure. It restricts the decision making process and information is difficult to pass on from any level to another. It is not cost effective since there are more middle managers within the organisation and there could be a conflict between management if the objective was not clarified between departments.The old Water Authority was a centralised organisation where the decision making retained in the top level of management. There are advantages of centralisation, some of which applied to the old Water Authority. The decisions are fitted to broad organisations objectives and it is easier to coordinate the activities within the organisation. notwithstanding the problem occurred when the decisions were not made close enough with the operational level, it might not be appropriated to the lower level of hierarchical structure.Line and staff management A system of manage ment used in large organizations in which there are two separate hierarchies the line management side consists of line managers with responsibility for deciding the policy of and running the organizations main activities, while the staff management, and its separate staff managers, are responsible for providing such supporting service. Oxford Dictionary of Business (2003 300)This explanation suited the structure of the old Water Authority, each operational department running parallelised and having advisory department across them (See plot 1).The mechanistic organisation theory applied to the old Water Authority, where employees had specified roles and definitions of the authority within the hierarchical structure. Communication and interaction are vertical, the structure of the old Water Authority was appropriate as the external environment was stable.2.3 Atlantic Waters StructureThe privatisation changed the Water Authority from a public service organisation to an economic organ isation. The objective is no longer just to provide service, but to make a profit and to survive in the competitive market.Atlantic Water re-structured their grading framework, it reduced the level of management, the wider span of control resulted in a flatter hierarchical structure. It reduced the bureaucratic costs, i.e. less(prenominal) middle managers, less coordination problem and reduced the chance of information distortion.Decentralisation is another result of down-sizing the hierarchical structure, this allows decisions to be made closer to the operational level and reduces information fleece on upper managers. Managers have more free time to do something else, i.e. provide personal care for its subordinates.The line and staff organisational structure also changed, it became a matrix structure, where there is more than one critical orientation to the operations of the organisation, such as they introduced the pay negotiations in house and fixed-term contractors.Atlantic Wat er encouraged their employee to gain qualification to enable them to be cross-skilled, so they can be deployed by their manager where and when they are needed, the flexibility of the working pattern is essential. The mechanistic organisation is no longer applicable in the lower level, it combined both the mechanistic organisation at the top of the hierarchy and the organic organisation at the bottom of the level. Organic organisation has a flexible system and structure which is characterised by the adjustment and continual redefinition of tasks. Communication and authority does not necessarily accord with positional authority.3. Organisational ChangeL Mullins (2002 798) suggested organisation development is a key to organisational change.Organisation development is concerned with the diagnosis of organisational health and performance, and the ability of the organisation to adapt to change.In order to change the organisation effectively, organisation development is essential to have the correct strategies survey research and feedback, T-group and team building.Survey and feedback involves using questionnaires to assist identifying the attitudes of individuals within the organisation. Top management can analysis the feedback and discuss the problems, and the action to be taken to help to improve performance.T-group is also known as esthesia training, it involve informal groupings to discuss the individuals feeling toward the organisation and to understand their abilities in themselves.Team building is identifying the task procedures and the pattern of interaction within the work group. The pattern of this function is to improve overall performance of the organisation through the effectiveness of the team.Organisational development is not only about improving the organisation effectiveness and efficiency, but also improve the morality and commitment of individuals.3.1 Strategies for Change and InnovationThere are different strategies approaches to changes in the organisation, however it has to be carefully design and apply. From the strategic management point of view, organisational change has four main facets which need constant re-appraisal and planned action* Human resource implications This involve training, personal skill development, the culture needed to be accepted. The organisation needs to encourage and motivate their employees by providing prospect for improvement.* Functional implications Communication need to be improved between departments, the discretion of how the department works is also important, different area of organisation has their own way of working method. Decentralise the authority and appraisal system should be introduced.* expert implications Increase use of technology can improve the productivity and administration of an organisation. Although there is a cost of the installation and operational cost, but it actually reduce overhead cost in long term, i.e. less manual labour and improve accuracy.* Orga nisational implications This involve change of relationship, work groups, routines and practices. There will be a new requirement of communications between departments and the management skills need to be improved to compromise within the organisation.3.2Atlantic Waters ApproachesAfter the privatisation, Atlantic Water applied the organisation development techniques. They are role analysis, life and career planning, quality of work life and direction.Role analysis Employees are ingenious to be cross-skilled so they can be deployed by their manager where and when they are needed, so their tasks are more flexible than before.Life and career planning The organisation encourages their employees to gain qualifications, this will not only benefit the individual, but also the performance of the organisation. The organisation also invested heavily in management development so the managers have a clearer commercial focus and a new relationship with its workforce.Quality of work life The new grading framework of the organisation creates opportunity for many employees who wish to develop their career. The organisation introduced a new salary structure, but it leaves many employees worse off financially, Atlantic Water failed to provide a better quality of work life.Counselling There is a programme to help individual to deal with stress which are caused from job insecurity. This will help and assist individual to attain their goal and to re-build their confidence.Atlantic Water has improved their performance in general by investing in training programmes for both the management and their staff, but they did not consider their employees feeling. The morality and commitment level had dropped significantly due to the amount of work load and insecurity of their job. Although they offered a counselling programme, their employees are not being awarded for the extra efforts they put into the organisation.The low level of morality and commitment has major influence on the l evel of work performance. Atlantic Water should try to re-build the relationship with their employees by re-viewing their salary structure. The employees should be informed at a reasonable level of the activity within the organisation, sharing the success of the organisation will also boost the level of confidence for the individual.The management training should not be limited to the knowledge within the industry, it should includes counselling, coaching and leading skills. Managers have a major influence on the motivation and behaviour of employees.4. ConclusionThe change has a massive impact upon Atlantic Water, the structure, culture and organisational mode had changed significantly. They have taken a certain level of approach but the results are not all positive, they need to carefully re-build relationships with its employees.The organisational climate is an indication of the employees feeling and beliefs, obviously Water Atlantics climate needs to be improved. It must deve lop new ways to increase the loyalty and commitment of employees. This includes maintenance to reward strategies based on recognition of contribution rather than status or position. The management of organisational climate is an important means of improving productivity and hackneyed of work performance.Diagram 1BibliographyBurnes B. (1996) 2nd Edition, Pitman Publishing, capital of the United KingdomDrucker P. (1974), New templates for at onces organizations, Harvard Business Review, LondonHuczynski A. & Buchanan D. (1991), Organizational Behaviour, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, LondonMullins L. (2002), Management and Organisational Behaviour, Prentice Hall, EssexSchein E. (1997), Organizational Culture and Leadership, Jossey Bass Wiley, LondonSchneider S. & Barsoux J. (2003), Managing Across Culture, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, LondonReferenceBurnes B. (1996), Managing Change, 2nd Edition, London, Pitman Publishing,Drucker P. (1974), New templates for todays organizations, Harvard Business Review, LondonMullins L. (2002), Management and Organisational Behaviour, Prentice Hall, EssexSchein E. (1997), Organizational Culture and Leadership, Jossey Bass Wiley, LondonOxford University Press (2003), Oxford Dictionary of Business, 3rd Edition, Market House have Ltd, London

Julius Caeser Essay

Beware the Ides of March (I. iv. 52). This familiar line by the Soothsayer in Julius Caesar reflects the presence of omens and ghosts in the play. What exactly is the significance of these supernatural references? The supernatural establishes mood, develops character, and foreshadows the plot. First, the supernatural creates mood in the play. The most important mood is impending doom which gradually increases until the scene of Caesars assassination. This mood is first introduced with the scene of a terrible storm on the night before Caesars murder.Many supernatural things draw during this storm, including men on fire and lions walking on the streets of Rome. Tension is further created as Casca describes his unearthly visions. The feeling of doom continues as Calphurnias dream is revealed when Caesar says, She dreamt tonight she saw my statue, / Which, deal a fountain with a hundred spouts / Did run pure blood, and many lusty Romans / Came smiling and did bathe their hands in it ( II. ii. 1. 76-79). The audience feels that something is about to happen and that the dream is an omen that foreshadows Caesars demise.Tension builds once again as Caesar is warned repeatedly by the soothsayers to beware the ides of March. The supernatural events which occur in the play distinctly help to create the mood which keeps the audiences interest throughout the rest of the play. A second suggest of the supernatural is to reveal characters. Julius Caesar is a self-confident, futile man when he ignores the warning of the Soothsayer in his statement, He is a dreamer, let us leave him. Pass (I. ii. 1. 22-24).His words show that either Caesar does non believe in omens, or he is trying not to appear superstitious in front of the crowd to keep up his public image. Caesar is not the only character in the play who can be assessed by the way he reacts to the supernatural. Some of Brutus characteristics are also revealed when he comes into contact with queer forces of nature. For instance, Brutus is unmoved when the storm is raging outside. However, when Caesars ghost appears in front of him, he is shown as a superstitious but noble man, who accepts his destiny.Brutus says, The ghost of Caesar hath appeared to me / 2 several times by night, at Sardis once / And last night here in Philippi fields. / I know my hour is come (V. v. 1. 16-19). Brutus believes that everything is mold and that there is no way of changing his fate therefore, he does not try to battle with it and accepts his punishment readily. Clearly, Shakespeare reveals characters through their reaction to the supernatural. The final dramatic purpose served by the supernatural is to foreshadow the plot.The storm before Caesars assassination is a perfect example. Casca, who is deeply influenced by the storm, describes the unusual sights, A common hard worker you know him well by sight / Held up his left hand, which did flame and burn / Like twenty torches joined, and yet his hand, / Not sensi ble of fire, remained unscorched (I. iii. l. 15-32). These terrible phenomena augur violent times for Rome and the death of the emperor. Also, Calphurnias dream and the soothsayers warnings convince the audience that the murder of Caesar is inevitable.Another superstitious event that foreshadows the action, occurs in the first scene of the last act, when Cassius says And in their steads do ravens, crows and kites Fly oer our heads and downward look on us As we were sickly ask their shadows seem A canopy most fatal, under which Our army lies, ready to give up the ghost. (V. i. l. 84-87) The ravens and crows are a bad omen and the audience expects the whip of Brutus and Cassius troops. However, the spectators may not be sure and may, therefore, anticipate the ending with interest.Clearly, plot is developed by the supernatural. In conclusion, supernatural events create the moods of tension, suspense or impending doom they reveal some strengths and weaknesses of the characters and th ey also foreshadow the action which helps to keep the audiences interest. The characters are warned by the forces of the supernatural about their gloomy prox everything seems to be predetermined. The spectators are left with the feeling that the destiny of humans is preordained and they cannot change their fate.

Numerical Modeling

Numerical modeling of communicable indisposition is a device to understand the instrument of how disease blowouts and how it can be measured. we have studied numerically the dynamics of typhoid fever disease in this paper. We frame an unconditionally stable Non-Standard Finite dissimilitude (NSFD) design for a mathematical model of typhoid Fever Disease.The introduce numerical scheme is bounded, dynamically include and describe the positivity of the solution, which is one of the eventful requirements when modeling a prevalent disease. The comparison among the developed Non-Standard Finite Difference scheme, Euler method and Runge-Kutta method of order four (RK-4) shows the effectiveness of the proposed Non-Standard Finite Difference scheme. NSFD scheme shows convergence to the true equilibrium points of the model for any time steps used but Euler and RK-4 fail for large time steps.Key Words Typhoid Disease, Dynamical System, Numerical Modeling, Convergence.Introduction Typhoid f ever affects millions of people worldwide each year, where over 20 million cases are reported and kills approximately 200,000 per year. For instance, in Africa it is estimated that annually 400,000 cases happen and an incidence of 50 per 100,000 5.The mathematical modeling for transmission dynamics of typhoid fever disease is a capable approach to appreciate the fashion of disease in a population and on this basis, some capable measures can be modeled to prevent infection. Dynamical models for the transmission of disease objects in a human population, based on the Kermack and McKendrick SIR classical epidemic model 14, were proposed. These models deliver evaluations for the temporal advancement of infected nodes in a population 513.In this paper we construct an unreservedly convergent numerical model for the transmission dynamics for typhoid fever disease which preserves all the essential properties of the unremitting model. We considered the mathematical model of disease transmi ssion in a population that has been discussed by Pitzer in 6.Mathematical ModelA Variables and ParametersS(t) Susceptible entities class at time t.P(t) protect individual class at time t.I(t) Infected individuals class at time t.T(t) Treated class time t.? The rate at which individuals recruited.? Natural finale rate. ? Loss of protection rate.? Rate of infection.? Rate of treatment.? Disease induced mortality rate.

Abraham Lincoln: The Great Emancipator? Essay

Abraham capital of Nebraska, the 16th president of the United States of America, was the man who rose to the disposal and took the steps needed to end the situation of separation by making sure the South didnt secede from the Union and continue to be a slave-owning population. An emancipator unaffixeds people from bondage or oppression, Lincolns main priority in his term in office was to re-unite the North and South, not to gratis(p) the slaves. He believed that color people were superior to African-Americans and he was playing politics, in the sense that he wanted to revel the majority of the population, not the slaves he was freeing. electric chair Lincoln did sign the Emancipation Proclamation, only if that didnt make him the Great Emancipator. In the end, the South was defeated, slavery was dissolved, and the United States of America lived, only if President Abraham Lincoln was inaccurately labelled as the hero.While in office, Abraham Lincolns main objective was to re-uni te the North and the South, which had seceded. Although many believed the Civil war was started to free slaves, it was mainly started so the South would become part of the Union again. If Lincoln did nothing, the Union would be permanently severed, the war was to and the Union (1). He would do anything to save the Union. In a letter in 1862, he proclaimed that everything he did with slavery and the Blacks, he did because he believed it would help save the Union (2). He booster cable the population to believe that the Civil war was all(prenominal) about the freedom of slaves. Lincoln just figured that the South would back down if there was the affright of freeing slaves (3). Abraham Lincoln could have cared less about the freedom of slaves, his goal was to get the confederacy to re-unite with the Union.Abraham Lincoln felt that African-Americans were inferior to white people. Lincoln express the there was a distinguishing difference between white people and African-Americans in general. In the Lincoln-Douglas Debate, Lincoln presented his views on how Blacks are not equal in saturation and moral or intellectual endowment (4). He often verbalize the African-Americans were not equal in social or political aspects. He stated his opposition to Blacks becoming voters, jurors, office holders, or intermarrying with white people (5). Lincoln felt that the Republicans were wrong in prizeing theDeclaration of Independence included all men. He felt it didnt include Blacks, therefore stating that Blacks arent people (6). Abraham Lincoln believed that whites were superior to African-Americans, thus they were not treated equally.Lincoln wanted to please the majority of the population, not the African-Americans he was freeing. One of Lincolns concerns was to keep slavery out of the territories. He wanted to preserve that land for poor white people in North and in Europe, who wanted cheap land (7). He proceeded to make a personal strategy to benefit some states. The g radual, counterbalance emancipation provided financial aid to any state which took that approved that idea (8). Lincoln also had ideas that he thought the bulk of the population would approve of. He persuaded a large group of Blacks to set up colonies in Panama, Haiti and Liberia (9). President Lincoln didnt care about the slaves and their reactions and feelings towards his actions, he was playing politics and pleasant his people.The Emancipation Proclamation was signed by Abraham Lincoln on September 22, 1862, ensuring the freedom of slaves. He issued it so that all slaves in the confederate, controlled by South, would be free (10). Blacks should have the right of life, liberty, and the pursuits of happiness (11). The Emancipation Proclamation was the first law about freeing slaves that was written down on paper. Lincoln had always verbally stated his ideas on how to free slaves, this was the first idea in ink (12). The slaves had something to finally look forward to in their liv es. The Civil War filled them with spirited hopes for freedom and prosperity (13). Abraham Lincoln took the steps needed to encourage the possibility of freedom of slaves through the Emancipation Proclamation.However, even thought the Emancipation Proclamation was endorsed, it didnt make him the Great Emancipator. Blacks within the confederacy were still slaves. The Emancipation Proclamation would not come into action for three months after it was signed (14). He scarce signed it as a bribe towards the South to save the Union. He confirmed that the would do anything to saved the Union, What I do about slavery, and the coloured race, I do because Ibelieve it helps save the Union. (15). He didnt have the authoritative power to just go ahead and free the slaves. The Congress was the wholly group that had the power to pass and make the Emancipation Proclamation into a legitimate law (16). Lincolns actions may have gave hope to slaves, but it was false hope, therefore just by signing the Emancipation Proclamation didnt make him the Great Emancipator.Abraham Lincoln was not the Great Emancipator. Throughout his metre in office, he worked harder trying to re-unite the Union, rather than free the slaves. He felt that white people were superior to African-Americans and played politics in the sense that he wanted to please the majority of the people rather than the blacks he was supposedly freeing. Lincoln did however sign the Emancipation Proclamation, ensuring the slaves in the South would become free, but it gave slaves false hope and didnt make him the Great Emancipator. Lincoln may have been named the hero for the work he did in uniting the Union, but not with freeing slaves.Although I believe that President Lincoln was not the Great Emancipator, he was the man who rose to presidency to take on the roll of livery the Union back together. Also, even though he didnt actually free the slaves, eventually they were free through the steps he started to make. I think the moral of this story is just that its better late than never and that you should take a stand in what you believe because it could possibility turn out for the scoop out in the future.

How to Train to Run a Half-Marathon Essay

I. Step1 Preparing the Mind Visualization- picture in your mind the runner you want to be. Picture yourself making a great training run. Affirmation- floodlight your mind with positive thoughts by talking to yourself both day. Tell yourself that you ar a marathon runner. Our minds operate in the present so the more we retell ourselves something, even if it is non yet true, the faster our mind believe it. Also, put an affirmation, race brochure, or inspiring quote somewhere you will put through it every day Block the Negative thinking- Be aware of negative thoughts creeping into your mind. Stop them in their tracks by telling yourself the opposite. If you catch yourself thinking you are trite during a run, tell yourself several times that you feel great and strong Think about why you have set this monster goal for yourself and see yourself enjoying the benefits you expect to have once you accomplish your goal. Motivation- Building mental stamina is essential. Staying motivation and developing the proper mindset is key to enjoying training and crossing the refining line Goals- You must have the skillful goals and reasons for running in order to be successful. Finishing time goals is a good way to start.II. Planning a StrategyWear the right gear- Buy a good pair of running shoes. These will be the most authorised piece of gear. There are sold at specialty running stores that help you get fitted. Nutrition- Carbohydrates provide the fuel runners need. During training 65% of your total calories should add from complex carbohydrates, 10% should come from protein, 25% should come from unsaturated fats. Hydration- Consume 6 8 ounces of fluids every 20 minutes. During pre-training and marathon training this is of the upmost importance to help keep you going. Recovery- is an important part of training. You should not run every day. Your body needs to rest mingled with runs so it can recover from one run to the next, getting stronger between each run. Avoidin g Injury- Use the non-running days to rest and recover. Ice-down any soreness. Injuries often sneak up without warning. Doing all the right things will minimize your chances of injury.I. Executing the PlanPre-training- in the first place beginning half marathon training you should be able to run for at least 30 minutes without stopping. Distance is not important right now. You just need to get your body used to running. Combinations of run/walks are great to use. Its also a good idea at this office to go ahead and sign up for a half marathon Training- Your mileage should gradually increase each week. Total weekly mileage should not increase by more than 10% from week to week. Completing a run of 10-12 miles about 3 weeks before the race will be passable to prepare you for the finish. Then taper off in the final weeks leading up to the half marathon to allow your body to recover from the training. Half marathon Day- The big day You will be full of adrenaline after leaving the sta rting line. Remember though, distance running is about endurance and maltreat is critical. Maintain pace to save everything you have left for your big finish

Psychology Adrian Monk Essay

Adrian Monk, portrayed by actor Tony Shalhoub, is the main character in the USA Network series MONK. Monk is a former homicide tec for the San Francisco Police Department, suffering from an anxiety disorder known as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), as well as numerous phobias. After Monks wife was murdered, his disorder worsened leading to his suspension from the police force. When the series opens, Monk whole kit and boodle as a private police homicide consultant and undergoes therapy to strike his anxiety disorder and phobias. He is assisted by a private nurse who helps him pick out with his disability on the job.Part OneCase landing field Character Background The episode Happy Birthday Mr. Monk shows that Monk, innate(p) October, 17, 1959, is a California man of Welsh ancestry. Monk is 50 years old, and was born in Marin County, CA. He stated, His alma mater is the University of California, Berkley. His p arnts were very strict and authoritarian. Monks father hoot Monk aband one and still(a)d the family when Monk was eight years old. Jack said that he was going to get Chinese food, only he never came back. Ambrose Monk, Monks chum salmon, is agoraphobic and afraid to go out in public. Monks mom died in 1994.Because of these childhood family items, Monk is already a very sensitive and fragile individual. Mr. Monk dislikes unorganized, rude, spoty, and filthy people. He alike dislikes murderers, people who commit evil acts, and criminals on the loose. That is the reason he became a homicide detective. Mr. Monk likes people who help others, such as his physician and Trudy. In addition, he likes organized, clean, and tidy people. Mr. Monks strength is that he is a very clever detective. Plus, he has an amazing photographic memory, which helps him catch criminals.His weakness is that he has more phobias, which affect his performance as a detective. Mr. Monk doesnt have any friends because of the weird and odd fashions caused by his OCD. His f amily consists of his assistants/nurses Sharona, and indeed Natalie. He also works with people in the homicide department, namely Captain Leland Stottlemeyer and Lieutenant Randy Disher. Stressors/Pathology Mr. Monk does not have any relationships with anyone, mainly because of his odd behaviors. He acts strangely in front people because of his OCD. In the episode Mr.Monk Makes A New Friend he annoys a new friend by c solelying him in addition much. Monk explains himself, stating, I fuckt not call him or hear his voice. It is very annoying to call a friend all hour. That is one pillowcase of how Mr. Monk has backbreakingy with personal relationships. His wife, Trudy Monk, with whom he had a meaningful relationship, died in a car bomb. Before his wifes death, Mr. Monks OCD symptoms had alleviated. After Trudy was murdered, the OCD symptoms intensified, and those around him could clearly see that he had issues, which affected his job performance and led to his isolation.When th e series begins, Mr. Monks condition is somewhat stable, but his lives in an overly organized apartment. The battle Monk faces daily is how to withstand it through the day with his OCD. He tries to avoid everything that makes him uncomfortable or is viewed as a threat. Mr. Monk stresses over the fact that every dwell must be neat and tidy. Plus everything must be a multiple of 10 for example he buys a box of eggs, which contains 12 eggs and deliberately throws two eggs away. Mr. Monk doesnt have any history of this disorder, but his brother was agoraphobic.Symptoms Other symptoms of OCD manifest themselves typically as ritual behavior such as repetitive hand washing. Mr. Monk needs to wash his hands every time he touches an object or shakes a hand. He becomes obsessed with shapes. For example, his toast has to be a perfect squ atomic number 18. Numbers occupy his time. As mentioned above, everything must come in multiples of 10. He has the typical preoccupation with dirt and germ s. For example, he great dealt stay in an untidy or dirty room he has to tidy it up. Mr. Monk is terrified of germs, milk, dust, and heights. So what Mr.Monk does all day is try to stay away from all of these misgivings. These symptoms never emerged in the series rather, the viewer is led to believe that Mr. Monk had OCD since he was born. However, the viewer is also informed in conversations with the police sergeant and with Monks nurse and therapist that what triggered this disorder was the murder of his wife. Immediately after his wife died, his disorder worsened. Outcome of Case Monks treatment was to go to Dr. Charles Kroger for psychotherapy that would aid him to cope with his disorder. In the sessions, Mr.Monk talks about what he did during the day and the goals he accomplished. The treatment is not entirely effective, but it helps Mr. Monk relax and get all the stress out. In the long term, Mr. Monk cannot pommel his disorder because he cannot imagine that he can be cured . In addition, he is not a risk taker, meaning he could never do anything that would make him uncomfortable. Because of this, there is little hope that he will be able to completely overcome his disorder. This makes sense because his disorder is inherited, and not attributed to environmental causes.Part TwoDisease Diagnostic Criteria psychoneurotic Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a pattern of recurring obsessions and compulsions that atomic number 18 severe enough to be time consuming and interfere with a persons daily functioning. They must cause label distress (such as pain or physical harm to the person) or significant impairment. Usually, they take more than one hour of a persons time. It is important to square up whether or not the patient has poor insight, meaning that the person does not realize that the obsessions or compulsions are unreasonable or excessive.At some point, the person must realize that their obsessions and compulsions are not reasonable (i. e. , normal). Ob sessions are consistent ideas, thoughts, impulses, or im grows that are experienced as intrusive and inappropriate and that cause marked anxiety or stress (DSM IV-TR, 300. 3). Most common obsessions are about contamination with dirt or germs, repeated doubts, a need to have things in a particular order, horrible impulse, the need to shout obscene words, or sexual impulses. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors which people do to reduce the anxiety or distress of the obsessions.For example, repeated hand washing is a compulsion, which satisfies the obsession of repeated thoughts of contamination from dirt. For a complete list of Diagnostic Criteria from the DSM IV-TR, see Appendix A. aetiology (Causes) Nearly 1 to 2 percent of the population suffers from OCD. Most of those begin to be afflicted in early adulthood, and it is often preceded by a specially stressful event such as pregnancy, childbirth, or family conflict. It may be closely associated with belief, with the disorder dev eloping soon after a bout of depression or the depression developing as aresult of the disorder.Men and women are equally affected. A fairly high proportion (as much as 50 percent) do not marry (Baldridge 2001). Although Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder usually begins in adolescence or early adulthood, it may begin in childhood. Modal age at barrage is earlier in males than in females in the midst of ages 6 and 15 years for males and between ages 20 and 29 years for females. For the most part, onset is gradual, but acute onset has been noted in some cases. The majority of individuals have a chronic waxing and waning course, with exacerbation of symptoms that may be related to stress.About 15% show progressive deterioration in occupational and social functioning. About 5% have an episodic course with marginal or no symptoms between episodes (DSM IV-TR, 300. 3) No cause for OCD has been isolated. Four theories exist which try to explain the basis of OCD psychologically guilt, anxiety, and superstition. 1) The theory of guilt has its origins in Freudian psychoanalysis. Freud believed that patients with OCD developed repetitive rituals, such as hand washing, to replace obsessive thoughts about sex.The obsessive ritual, then, was seen as a way to replace the guilt of being overwhelmed by forbidden, sexual thoughts. 2) The anxiety hypothesis poses that OCD behaviors develop to reduce anxiety. Many thought or action patterns emerge as a way of evade from stress, such as daydreaming during an exam or cleaning ones room rather than studying for a test. If the stress is long lasting, then a compulsive behavior may set in. 3) The superstition theory proposes a connection between a chance association and a strengthener that induces a continuation of that behavior.In other words, a particular obsessive-compulsive ritual may be reinforced when a positive outcome follows the behavior anxiety results when the ritual is interrupted. 4) A fourth theory is accepted by those w ho believe that mental disorders are the result of something physically or physiologically amiss(predicate) in the sufferer, employing data from brain structure studies, genetics, and biochemistry. Brain chemistry has been found to be altered in those suffering from OCD, along with increased metabolic activity.In addition, relatives of OCD sufferers are twice as likely as unrelated individuals to develop the same disorder, indicating that the tendency for the behavior could be inheritable (Baldridge 2001). Treatments OCD is one of the most difficult disorders to treat. Treatments usually fall into four categories psychotherapy, behavioral therapy, do drugs therapy, and psychosurgery. The goal of psychotherapy in treating OCD is to find and then remove an assumed repression so that the patient can deal honestly and openly with whatever is actually feared.It is hoped that in dealing with the fear, the compulsions that have developed to replace the fear will lessen. The most effective flake of psychotherapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder is behavioral therapy. It can help by desensitizing the patient to the feared object or situation. For example, the therapist will aid the patient in replacing the symptoms of the obsession or compulsion with preventive or replacement actions, such as a non vocal, internal shout of stop when obsessive thoughts enter the mind or the action of snapping a rubber band on the wrist.Behavioral therapy may also help by gradually lengthen the time between the stimulus and response. For example, a patient may hold dirt and then gradually lengthen the amount of time after which he or she will wash his or her hands. While behavioral treatment can help to control OCD, it does not cure the disorder. Drugs used to treat OCD entangle antidepressants, tricyclic, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), LDS, and tryptophan. Antidepressants help by reducing depression by correcting the serotonin abnormality in the brain, which may decrease th e need for compulsive behavior.MAOIs may help OCD associated with fright attacks, phobias, and severe anxiety. With drug therapy, it should be noted that when the drugs are stopped, the patient often returns to the obsessive-compulsive behavior. Psychosurgery to reduce OCD is a last resort. The patient would undergo a prefrontal leukotomy in which the frontal cortex would be separated from the lower brain area in an 8-centimeter square area. A combination of behavioral therapy, psychotherapy and drug therapy is recommended. General Research Behavioral treatments are new ways to deal with the disorder.For example, someone with an obsession about germs might be asked to practice handling dirt and then not washing his hands for increasing lengths of time. With repeated exposure to the anxiety-provoking object or situation without performing the compulsion, usually the anxiety lessens, and the compulsion weakens its hold. Obsessions can fall into one of five categories 1. Obsessive do ubts, which are contumacious doubts that a task has been completed. 2. Obsessive thinking, which is an almost infinite chain of thought, targeting future events.Obsessive impulses, which are very strong urges to perform certain actions, whether they be trivial or serious, that would likely be harmful to the obsessive person or someone else and that are socially unacceptable. 4. Obsessive fears, which are thoughts that the person has lost control and will act in some way that will cause public embarrassment. 5. Obsessive images, which are continued visual pictures of either a real or an imagined event. (DSM IV-TR, 300. 3) Compulsions on the other hand are repeated, ritualized behaviors.For example, fearing one has forgotten to turn finish off an appliance, such as a stove, is a common obsession. It is likely to be accompanied by a compulsion to check repeatedly, perhaps hundreds of times severally day, perhaps to see if the appliance has been turned off. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors, the goal of which is to prevent or reduce anxiety or distress, not to provide sport or gratification. In most cases, the person feels driven to perform the compulsion to reduce the distress that accompanies an obsession or to prevent some dreaded event or situation.For example, those with obsessions about being contaminated may reduce their mental distress by washing their hands until their skin is raw. There is difference between OCD and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD). A personality disorder is, on the one hand, a type of mental illness characterized by serious and persistent distortions in the total personality. Every perception, attitude, feeling and behavior is affected. OCD, on the other hand, is an anxiety disorder. Like other anxiety disorders, fear is at its rootfear of a hot appliance burning down the house, for example, or fear of the body being contaminated by germs.The fear produces an anxiety which can only be alleviated by a ritual, or co mpulsion, which will reduce the fear. Conclusion Evaluation of Case In conclusion, Adrian Monk has Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. He satisfies the pastime OCD patterns of behavior 1. Washer, because he is afraid of contamination 2. Checker, because Mr. Monk repeatedly checks if the door is locked, or whether the oven is turned off. Mr. Monk checks everything a dozen time just to make sure. For example, he checks his oven if it is closed everyday at least twelve times 3.Arranger, because he always arranges his utensils based on size and shape and his books based on color. He cannot function in a messy room or disorganized room. In addition, Mr. Monk has other phobias, such as fear of line of credit and fear of the woods. He is terrified of germs, milk, heights, and spiders. Mr. Monk has a rule that everything he has must come as a multiple of ten. When he buys milk, he gets 10 bottles even though he lives alone and the milk will expire before he has time to drink it all. Monks symp toms may better with therapy, but his OCD will not completely resolve.

Censor Ship of a High School Newspaper

Censoreship of a High School Newspaper Students at Central High School permit written an term called Underage Drinking Rampant at Central High. The article is in the High School newspaper called The Tigers Eye. The article is about teenagers from the high educate are underage intoxication and it is out of control. The students want to distribute the news paper to the school. The Schools Administration is against the distribution of this article. The principal and top- nonchintendent believe the article should be censored from the school.But the students believe that distributing the article will inform younger teenagers about underage drinking, and will prevent them from drinking. Although the Administration believes that the newspaper should be surpressed, it should still be distributed. The first reason the article should be distributed is because its the law. The Constitution contains all the laws of the get together States. The First Amendment of the U. S. Constitution guar antees the right of freedom of speech and freedom of the press. According to the First Amendment Congress shall perk up no law abridging the freedom of speech or of the press (134).Freedom of speech means that the students can keep and publish whatever they want. In addition, the editor of The Tigers Eye pointed out that the principal and super intendent want a community in which everyone accompanys the law. Everyone but them (134). In other words, the administration should also obey the law. However, the law does apply in some circumstances. For example, the U. S. Supreme Court decided that High School Administrations earn the right to censor or forbid topics that can be sensitive to students.The Administrators believe that underage drinking is a sensitive topic and that they should forbid the distribution of the article. But everyone knows about underage drinking, so it is not a sensitive topic. Therefore, the right of freedom of the press should be respected. The second reaso n the article should be distributed is so the students learn about the what happens when you drink. The consequences that underage drinking can affect you are serious. Almost everyone at the high school kows about drinking. An anonymous person stated First you drink a little. because you dance a little. Then you find a quiet bedroom somewhere or go out ang nto your car. Everybody knows this. (133). He or she clearly satets the a majority of the high school students knows what happens. Furthermore, Juanita C. says Sure I drink. Not a troop. Everyone I know does. (132). She has friends that drink and she stated that everyone she knows does. However, Trisha M. was one of the many people who express Im not ready to drink yet. Maybe when I get a lot older. (133). She and the other teens that answered a similar way dont really know whats fortuity with the drinking. Nevertheless, informing people about the serious consequences can save lives.

Environmental Case Study Essay

Malathion is a type of swearwordicide that is usually drug ab recitationd in health pest encounter programs. For example, in mosquito eradication. It is used in various atomic number 18as and public recreation areas. Other synonyms of Malathion include carbofos maldison and mercaptothion. It has been used in the past, to eradicate mosquito, Mediterranean fruit fly and the West Nile virus. Malathion use needs to be assessed well. In whatever urban set up, people are at a very high risk of infection of cosmos affected in case of careless use of this pesticide. Towns support a large number of populations, unneurotic with their facilities.As a member of the town council, it would be very crucial for me to carry out a risk assessment exercise in the beginning embarking on Malathion use in and around the town. The states of risk assessment will include gage identification, dose-response, exposure and risk characterization. In hazard identification, the hazards of using Malathion are identify together with their consequences. Hazards can be grouped into several major groupings. One major group is hazards of Malathion use on human beings. In an urban set up, a large population of people is operose at one point.For example, what danger can Malathion use be, if absorbed or ingested into the human body or if present in wet sources. If Malathion use can case disorders in unborn babies is also identified. other category of hazard identification is, hazards Malathion use may cause on the natural milieu. This includes vegetation and in time soil components. Both domestic and wild animals could be affected by its use. Just like humans, what consequences does Malathion use result to, if absorbed or ingested into the animals bodies.The soil interaction with the pesticide means, Malathion use can as well be a hazard to it. Soil supports life on the planet. Chemicals that would change soil composition puts at risk other life forms that depend on that soil. It would be very vital to identify Malathion use hazard and consequences on the environment that people live in. It would also be important to identify hazards of Malathion components on the water bodies. People, animals and plants use water. Identifying the hazards Malathion- contained water may expose to them is crucial in any risk assessment exercise. Dose-responseThis depot refers to the change in effect caused by differing levels of pesticide use (Malathion) in an organism. Organisms can be affected in differing ways, by differing levels of Malathion use. Dose-response assessment would be very critical since, it helps one to identify consequences of Malathion use on organisms. It would be good, to note the effects of Malathion on organisms that exist on that environmental set up. If differing levels of exposure or doses to a stressor triggers change in effect of organisms, the effects will assist in recognizing the risks people, animals or plants are undefendable to (Baker et al).Expo sure of Malathion use, in risk assessment causes changes in effect of organisms. At this state, chemical components of Malathion, plus their doses are analyzed to determine effects they may rush on organisms. For example, quantities of Malathion that differ will not need similar effects on either organisms or the environment. For example chronic exposure to low levels of Malathion have been hypothesized to impair memory. (U. S department of Health and homophile Services, retrieved on 2008). This would need to be established if it is sure or not.Possible effects of Malathion doses should be established and research done on them, for confirmation before a mission to use Malathion is embarked on. Risks can be characterized depending on affected subjects, areas affected or systems affected. precedent studies have indicated human deaths from Malathion use. Others include intestinal disorders in children, children leukemia, lung damage and kidney damage. Human birth defects have been corroborate in women exposed to Malathion lice shampoo. Malathion results to brain damage and chromosome defects in human blood cells.Genes could also be lost. The repellent system is weakened, where there is increased risk of bacteria or viral infection. Animal deaths have occurred and tumors sight on their bodies. Heart defects appear in exposed fish. (Epidemology, 1992 World Health Organization Edwards et al, 2007) As a result of the risk assessment, I would not vote for the use of Malathion in Genericville city. The hazard exposed to the people, animals and the environment is too great. The effects outweigh any justification for Malathion use.It would be good if other options of controlling the pest were completely exhausted before using the Malathion. Economically, Malathion use could result to extra costs incurred to correct its cast out effects on the people, animals and environment. It may lead to political conflicts. Where the community does not agree with Malathion us e, use by the council authority will result to disagreements with the community. References Baker E. et al. 1978. Epidemic Malathion poisoning in Pakistan malaria workers Edwards J. et al. 2007.Worker exposure and a risk assessment of Malathion and fenthion Used in the control of Mediterranean fruit fly in southbound Australia. Environ. Re. 103 (1) Mediterranean fruit fly in south Australia. Environ. Re. 103 (1) Epidemology Jan 1992. 3 (1) 32-39 U. S Department of Health and Human Services agency for toxic substances and disease Registry- medical guidelines for Malathion. Retrieved on 15 April 2008 World health boldness www. //who. int/entity/water-sanitation-health/dwq/chemicals/malathion/en Retrieved on 15April 2008

Regulatory Bodies

ROLE OF regulatory BODIES INTRODUCTION wellness Professionals such as nurses doctors, Pharmacist and many an some other(prenominal)s ar regulated and libertyd by regulatory bodies as postulate by barbarian legislation. All nurses are required to be licensed to confide with their designated provincial nurse regulatory body. Legal responsibility in nurse practice is becoming of greater greatness as each year passes. In order to provide safe and competent nursing business organisationfulness an understanding of legal boundaries is very essential. It is important to know the law in one acres and the government activity enforcing these laws.VITAL ROLE OF REGULATORY BODIES * To ensure the publics light to quality health care service. * To support and assist professional members. * Set and enforce standards of nursing practice. * supervise and enforce standards for nursing education. * Monitor and enforce standards of nursing practice. * Set the requirements for registration of nursing professionals. treat regulatory bodies also known as colleges or associations, are responsible for the licensing of nurses with in their respective provinces territory. The Nursing Regulatory bodies receives their laterality from legislation.MAJOR TYPES OF REGULATORY BODIES * The central government. * The state government * Institutional Rules * Trained Nurses Association of India * International council for Nurses * American Nurses Association * Canadian Nurses Association * National League for Nursing ROLE OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT The central government is a source of regulatory body in three ways, through with(predicate). 1) Government service conduct rules 2) The Indian Nursing council Act 3) The side law THE GOVERNMENT SERVICE CONDUCT RULES These are detailed rules of conduct for are government employees.Examples of these are the requirement to maintain absolute integrity, devotion to duty and high standards of moral behaviour. unaccompanied a few are applicable to the nursing practice, but all would be applicable to the practice of a nurse employed by the government. INDIAN NURSING COUNCIL ACT The Indian Nursing Council, which was appoint by the Indian Nursing Council Act of 1947, was schematic In 1949 for the purpose providing logical standards in nursing education and reciprocity in nursing registration throughout the country.The only national legislation straight related to nursing practice, also provides a basis from which rules for nursing practice can be developed. Among other responsibilities, this Act gives authority to the Indian Nursing Council for prescribing curricula for nursing education and recognising qualifications of institutions with teaching course of studys for nursing. This means that the INC has authority to overlook nursing education and what the nurse is prepared to do. It is important because legal responsibility does finally depend upon what you should be able to do and how you should do it as well as what yo u are not prepared to do.The INC uses this authority in nursing education but it delegates authority for control of nursing practice to the State Nurses allowance Councils. INDIAN NURSING COUNCIL The Indian Nursing Council was authorized by the Indian Nursing Act of 1947. It was established in 1949 to providing uniform standards in nursing education and reciprocity in nursing registration through out the country. Nurses registered in one stat were not necessarily recognized for registration in another state before this time.The Condition of mutual recognition by the state Nurses Registration Councils, which is called reciprocity, was possible only if uniform standards of nursing education were maintained. FUNCTIONS OF INC 1) It provide uniform standards of in nursing education and reciprocity in nursing registration. 2) It has authority to prescribe curriculum for nursing education in all states. 3) It has authority to recognize programme for nursing education or to refuse recognit ion of a programme if it did not meet the standards required by the council. ) To provide the Registration of foreign nurses and for the maintance of the Indian Nurses Register. 5) The INC authorizes State Nurses Registration Council and Examining Board to issue passing play certificates. The INC has been assumption heavy responsibilities for nursing practice and nursing education but it has not been able to apply enough power to support high standards in nursing. ENGLISH LAW The law based upon the English Pattern is the third way in which the Central Government is a source of legal authority. These laws are very specific and make you liable for negligence or answerable to the laws for acts of carelessness.The laws summarised below are given for medical practitioners including nurses. 1) The decently to refuse to the treat a patient expect in an emergency situation. 2) The proper to sue for fees. (Applicable only to private duty nurse or private practitioners other nurses are salaried. ) 3) The right to add a titile descriptions to ones name. Any title, description, abbreviation or letter which implies nolding a degree, diploma, license or certificate showing particular qualifications may be added. (Improper use of these is often prohibited by State Nurses Registration Acts. The right to wear the Red Cross Emblem is given only to members of the force medical service. 4) Unregistered practitioners are not allowed to hold positions or appointments in public and local hospitals 5) important duties. a) To exercise a reasonable degree of skill and knowledge in treating patients. The standard held is that exercised by other reputable members of the same profession in similar circumstances. b) Once a relationship to a patient has been established, there is an obligation to attend the patient as long as necessary unless the patient requests detachment or notice is given of intention to withdraw. ) A practitioner must give personal economic aid to his cases a nd answer calls with reasonable promptness. d) Children must be protected from harming themselves. e) Special precautions must be taken in the case of adults who are incapable of taking care of themselves. 6) The Indian Penal Code demands that poisonous drugs be kept in separate containers properly labeled and marked. Care must be taken not to mix with nonpoisonous drugs. 7) There is a duty of secrecy to the patients.Records must be treated as confidential unless the practitioner is called upon to give evidence in court. 8) Dangerous diseases must be reported. (Theses will take leave in different parts of the country. ) 9) Nurses as considered solely responsible for their own professional acts irrespective of the employing authority. A fine is the usual penalty imposed for disobeying the law stated above, although imprisonment is also possible. The central responsibility consists mainly of Policy making, palnning, guiding, assisting evaluating and Co. ordinating the work.

How far is it acceptable for technology to be used only for financial benefits Essay

?The strict development of engine room has indeed become an integral part of our lives. Evidently, we often involve technology close to in e actually aspect of our lives. As a result, business in technology area seems very enticing for most large number as they can potentially generate a lot of do good from this field. Hence, to a greater extent and more plurality start to invest in it. However, as people are getting indulged in meshing maximisation, problems concerning ethics and societal welfare start to arise from technology.Some argue that the practice of technology only for financial benefit is acceptable because such benefit can be redistribute to the less privileged ones to improve their welfare. However, others claim that it is unacceptable to do so because people, more often than not, whitethorn pursue such benefit at the expense of others. I, personally, am more inclined to the latter condense as the sole usage of technology for financial benefit will deal a b leak blow to the global rescript.It is acceptable to use technology for financial benefit only because it can indirectly contribute to the societal welfare. This is because some of the profit gained from the selling of such technology is used to help those in need. Hence, money earned is, in a way, redistributed to the poor to boost their welfare. A character reference in a point is the Gates Foundation in which Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft, channels some of his profit from his business in the computer field to build this foundation to empower the needy to lead a better life.his is obviously unacceptable because every person has the right to have fair wages and revere conducive working environment. Thus, the use of technology only for financial benefit is pacify unacceptable, regardless of such benefit that whitethorn be used to help the last and the least, if some groups are being make worse off in the process. Furthermore, foc employ only on financial benefit when we h arness technology will make technological development commutes towards the favour of rich people only.Rich and poor people certainly have different kind of require while the rich aims, mostly, for self-enhancement, the poor are still struggling to survive. Hence, since the richs demand seems to be more lucrative for many investors because self-enhancement, like pliant surgery, is indubitably extornionate and, hence, generates a lot of profit, they will just invest their money for technological development in this area. As a result, morerudimentary aspects of technology, such as the mass production of food using food technology, are neglected. The poor will then suffer even to a greater limit than before. Another concern from this shift is that the widening of chasm between the rich and the poor will be more pervasive. Such result entails even worse implications in our society as social unrest may occur. Hence, given the dire consequences of the ill-use of technology, utilisation of it for financial benefit solely is unacceptable.Finally, the sole use of technology for financial benefit may corrupt our intrinsic values and virtues as human beings. Paradigm shift on our attitudes towards technology -more accepting and dependent has made commodification of technology more successful. Thus, more and more people are focusing in this area and if their only goal for the use of technology is on monetary reward, they will do anything to its commercialisation to be even more successful. This includes the addition of elements in the technology itself to inveigle more people to use it.Unfortunately, those elements sometimes blemish our values as responsible humans. A case in a point would be the advent of violent video games (gaming technology) that distort the values of people, particularly the teenagers and children. If they are exposed by the wrong principles throughout their stages of life, they will, most likely, not grow to people whom the society wants them to be. Hence, since the use of technology only for financial benefit results in such a case, I call back that it is unacceptable.In conclusion, it is unacceptable if technology is only used for financial benefit because others aspects concerning global welfare are most likely to be neglected. Therefore, a holistic approach should be adopted in harnessing the technology, so that multifarious fields in human lives are benefited. Hence, technology is a social product encapsulates the nerve centre in the usage of technology as it should act as a representation of the fundamental needs of our society.

Nature’s Role in Frankenstein

The writers of the Romantic period visualized nature as a celestial source. In m all Romantic works, natures beauty is praised with pantheistic, almost pagan, terms. To these writers, the congenital world was a direct connection to god. Through appreciation for nature, one could achieve spiritual fulfillment. The contrary, loser to surrender to innate law, results in punishment at the hands of nature. Mary Shelley, as well as her contemporary, Samuel Coleridge, depicts the antagonistic powers of nature against those who dare to provoke it.Victor Frankenstein offends nature in several ways. The first and foremost malignment is his attempt to gain knowledge forbidden to humanity. Then, he handlings this knowledge to create an un innate being that serves no purpose in a natural world. Finally, Frankenstein refuses to take responsibility for his creations actions, which have obvious and dangerous consequences for society. By daring to tread on the laws of nature, Frankenstein becom es the target of the natural worlds wrath. He, much like the antediluvian patriarch Mariner, suffers due punishment for his sin.In both Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Frankenstein, nature is portrayed as a divine power. It is a deific force, capable of creating transcendental beauty, as well as inflicting horrific torment upon those who violate its laws. The Ancient Mariners crime is his senseless murder of the albatross his punishment presents itself through a series of natural phenomenon. constitution deprives him and his men of natural elements, food and water, Water, water, every where, Nor any drop to drink. (Coleridge 433). genius too uses other natural elements to campaign him further suffering.For instance, the Mariner and his men must endure the heat of the sun as their beam halts, the wind stops and intensifies the heat, D accept dropt the breeze, the sails dropt down All in a hot and copper sky, The crashing(a) sun at noon. (Coleridge 433). Frankenstein also fac es retribution for his disobedience to the laws of nature. His punishment, however, is not as simple as the Mariners. genius bestows a far more cruel and spiteful fate upon Frankenstein. It uses Frankensteins dick against him, adopting his former object of self-complacency and manipulating the creation into a weapon against its creator.Abandoned by its father, Frankensteins monster is forced to seek another maternal(p) figure. It finds one in Mother Nature. As the putz embarks on a lonesome journey, nature teaches him the lessons that Frankenstein does not. The creature learns of the dangers of fire by burning its hand in the flame One day, when I was oppressed by cold, I found a fire which had been left by some wandering beggars, and was overcome with bewitch at the warmth I experienced from it. In my joy I thrust my hand into the support embers, but quickly drew it out again with a cry of pain.How strange, I thought, that the same cause should produce much(prenominal) oppo site effects (Shelley 389). In other such lessons, Nature shapes its child as a tool of revenge. For instance, the creature learns of its hideousness by seeing its reflection in a pool of water, At first I started back, unable to believe that it was indeed I who was reflected in the mirror and when I became full convinced that I was in reality the monster that I am, I was filled with the bitterest sensations of despondence and mortification. alasI did not yet entirely know the fatal effects of this moving deformity (Shelley 431). This actualization evokes anger within the monster, and its resentment towards its creator grows. Nature uses Frankensteins hubristic disposition against him. When creating the monster, Victor Frankenstein gives it a gigantic stature. He states that he did this due to his haste, As the minuteness of the parts formed a great hindrance to my speed, I resolved, contrary to my first intention, to make a being gigantic in stature (Shelley 171).However, Fran kensteins ambition also played a role in his decision to make the creature a materially fright size, A new species would bless me as its creator and source many happy and excellent natures would owe their being to me (Shelley 172). Here, Frankenstein states his desire to become the father of a supreme race of beings. By giving the creature an enormous form, Frankenstein is assuring that it will be dominant over other species. This is not only a threat to nature, but it also adds to the creatures abnormal genesis.The monster is abnormally powerful, as it possesses abilities far surpassing to any other species on Earth. Therefore, it is something unnatural and cannot be apart of the natural world. Nature, instead of removing the monster straight away, uses its physical superiority to taunt Frankensteins pride. As the scientist begins his all-consuming quest to seize and kill the monster, he is constantly mocked by his own creations power. Even at the end of his life, Frankenstein i s still unable to capture the monster. The unnatural being has no authentic place or purpose in he natural world, so Nature uses the creature in the only suitable way a tool for revenge. This becomes the monsters only role in the natural world. at a time it has finally inflicted true punishment against Frankenstein, it will have no purpose. The monster does not belong in the natural world, and so it will be destroyed, I, the miserable and the abandoned, am abortion, to be spurned at, and kicked, and trampled on (Shelley 886). penalize is its only objective, when nature finally achieves this intention it returns the monster back to nature.The creatures birth was allied by the use of natural materials, human flesh and lightning, similarly its death is caused by Natures elements, fire, I shall collect my funeral pile, and consume to ashes this miserable frame, that its remains may afford no light to any curious and unhallowed wretch, who would create such another as I have been. I s hall die. (Shelley 889). The creature is of no use to Mother Nature any longer, and so it must remove itself from the natural world. The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Frankenstein describes the horrors that result from invoking natures rage.The natural world, according to the Romantics, was a divine force. manage the pagan gods of Greek and Roman culture, natures wrath is terrible and pitiless to those who dare to wrong it. Victor Frankenstein, the Promethean figure of the Romantic period, defies nature in his decision to bring unnatural life into the natural world. This is an act of blasphemy against nature, and to an extent, God himself. Frankensteins punishment for this sin is both thorough and justified. Like Prometheus, Victor Frankenstein spends his remaining life paying for his act of defiance against the gods of nature.